EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA AND ANALGEZY IN CHILDREN

Epidural anesthesia in children has long been used as caudal , and intervertebral. In the 1960s and 1970s, dozens of methods were proposed for calculating the doses of local anesthetics needed for children, with formulas and nomograms. Closer to

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Epidural anesthesia in children has long been used as caudal , and intervertebral. In the 1960s and 1970s, dozens of methods were proposed for calculating the doses of local anesthetics needed for children, with formulas and nomograms. Closer to

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Narcosis or deep sowing

The very situation of the operating room itself scares the child. Venous access, necessary for both general and epidural anesthesia, can be long and painful — much more painful than the epidural blockade itself. Therefore, most children

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The very situation of the operating room itself scares the child. Venous access, necessary for both general and epidural anesthesia, can be long and painful — much more painful than the epidural blockade itself. Therefore, most children

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Caudal anesthesia 23

This is the only generally accepted access to the epidural space for children under the age of 2–3 years old and with a body weight of up to 10 kg. INDICATIONS 1. Intra- and postoperative

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This is the only generally accepted access to the epidural space for children under the age of 2–3 years old and with a body weight of up to 10 kg. INDICATIONS 1. Intra- and postoperative

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INTERVERTEBRAL EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA

The technique of intervertebral epidural anesthesia in children is the same as in adults. A loss of resistance is used to identify the epidural space (rather than a “hanging drop”). In children weighing more than 10

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The technique of intervertebral epidural anesthesia in children is the same as in adults. A loss of resistance is used to identify the epidural space (rather than a “hanging drop”). In children weighing more than 10

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Sacral Intervertebral Epidural Anesthesia

Sacral intervertebral epidural blockade, with the introduction of the needle between the sacral vertebrae, is possible only in children who have not yet grown these vertebrae. It represents the al ternative of caudal anesthesia, when sacral horns

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Sacral intervertebral epidural blockade, with the introduction of the needle between the sacral vertebrae, is possible only in children who have not yet grown these vertebrae. It represents the al ternative of caudal anesthesia, when sacral horns

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TYPICAL BEGINNERS ‘ERRORS

1. Epidural anesthesia has existed for several decades, during which time the safest of its variants have been worked out. Follow the simplest methods for beginners — and you will have maximum success and minimum complications.

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1. Epidural anesthesia has existed for several decades, during which time the safest of its variants have been worked out. Follow the simplest methods for beginners — and you will have maximum success and minimum complications.

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The principle of subordination

The principle of subordination , or subordination, also belongs to the category of the most important principles of the organization of the brain. According to this principle, the activity of the underlying brain regions is controlled and controlled

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The principle of subordination , or subordination, also belongs to the category of the most important principles of the organization of the brain. According to this principle, the activity of the underlying brain regions is controlled and controlled

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The principle of concentration of excitation . 

Excitation and inhibition meters of gut or radiate, or concentrate. Concentration is me in the opposite way to irradiation. It occurs at the moment when the irradiation reaches a certain limit, after which the spread of excitation or inhibition goes in

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Excitation and inhibition meters of gut or radiate, or concentrate. Concentration is me in the opposite way to irradiation. It occurs at the moment when the irradiation reaches a certain limit, after which the spread of excitation or inhibition goes in

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Organization of braking processes in the central nervous system

All ner activity in Neu system is based on two main processes: on the process initiated e Nia and braking. There are several different types of braking. 1 . Reciprocal inhibition (from Lat. Reciprocus – common) was about so openly English physiologist Charles Sherrington and the Russian Fiziol about by

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All ner activity in Neu system is based on two main processes: on the process initiated e Nia and braking. There are several different types of braking. 1 . Reciprocal inhibition (from Lat. Reciprocus – common) was about so openly English physiologist Charles Sherrington and the Russian Fiziol about by

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Properties of the nerve centers. 

Nerve centers have some common properties, which is largely determined by the structure and function sinaptich e Sgiach formations. 1. Unilateral excitation. In the central nervous system – in its nerve tse n bang inside reflex arc and neuronal excitation

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Nerve centers have some common properties, which is largely determined by the structure and function sinaptich e Sgiach formations. 1. Unilateral excitation. In the central nervous system – in its nerve tse n bang inside reflex arc and neuronal excitation

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