Relevance of the topic. Among the environmental factors that have a constant and immediate effect on the human body , air plays the most important role. Without it, any prolonged preservation of vital functions is inconceivable. In medicine, the air environment is widely used as a preventive and curative factor (climatotherapy, hardening). The effect of air on the body can be not only positive, but also negative, depending on the state of the air environment. Adverse weather conditions, sharp changes in the chemical composition of air can disrupt the normal relationship between the body and the environment and lead to a number of diseases.
When hygienic assessment of air, it is necessary to take into account its physical properties, chemical composition, mechanical impurities (dust and smoke content), the content of microorganisms. Each of the listed factors is capable of exerting a direct physiological or pathological effect on the human body, however, in nature, the action of external factors is complex and we can only speak of the predominant (leading) value of any particular factor.
In sanitary practice, considerable attention is paid to the study of the microclimate, which refers to the state of the air environment, determined by a set of physical factors (atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, air velocity, radiant heat) in a limited space that affects body thermoregulation. In hospitals, schools, public and residential buildings, as well as in production during improper use of the premises, for example, when their ventilation is insufficient, significant changes in the physical and chemical state of the air can occur, which can cause a number of adverse reactions from the human body. Therefore, a hygienic study of the air environment in which a person has to live and work is of great practical importance, so it allows you to timely notice any deviations from the norm and take measures to eliminate them.
The purpose of the lesson: to familiarize students with the impact on the body of microclimatic factors, their research methods and hygienic regulation.
Practical skills: be able to determine the basic parameters of the microclimate and give them a hygienic assessment.