Author: admin

Sacral horns, at the top of the interyagal fold, easy to grope on a thin patient. The sacrococcygeal membrane forms a soft “valley” between and just below these “mountains”. Sacrum | Lat., Eng. sacrum; ukr Krizh ] is a sphenoid

This is a relatively simple procedure, easily mastered with careful attention to detail. POSITION OF THE PATIENT DURING THE CAUDAL PUNCH A pose on the abdomen (with a face), with a pillow under the pelvis,

Crotch protection. In the interyagic fold, between the coccyx and the anus, it is necessary to put a cotton wool or gauze “ear”, so that the antiseptic does not burn the perineum, especially the mucous membrane

Exit to the front wall of the sacral canal. Now the needle with mandrin, which should be kept cut to the patient’s abdomen (ventral), is injected in the ventral and cranial direction at an angle of

Aspiration for blood (if it enters the vein) or CSF (if the dura mater is punctured ) with caudal access is more important than with intervertebral, because the position of the patient’s body, posture in vivo (with a pillow under

Getting into the vessel occurs most often due to the high vascularization of the sacral canal. Due to the patient’s posture (up to the pelvis) and the low pressure in these vessels, blood will not flow

Pain at the puncture site — the most common complaint in the postoperative period. The most serious cause is periosteal injury (up to the subperiosteal hematoma) of the anterior wall of the sacral canal. Puncture of the

Caudal anesthesia is becoming increasingly rare. But not caudal epidural steroids. Prolonged caudal analgesia (for several days) hardly ever changes due to infection in this area, except — within a few hours after surgery. But a single

Epidural anesthesia in children has long been used as caudal , and intervertebral. In the 1960s and 1970s, dozens of methods were proposed for calculating the doses of local anesthetics needed for children, with formulas and nomograms. Closer to

The very situation of the operating room itself scares the child. Venous access, necessary for both general and epidural anesthesia, can be long and painful — much more painful than the epidural blockade itself. Therefore, most children